WNC Orchard Insect Pest Populations – July 15, 2025
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Codling moth: At 1600 cumulative degree days (DD), we are in the midst of second generation codling moth in Henderson County. At this time the model predicts that approximately 85% of adults have emerged and 65% of eggs have hatched. In most orchards an application between about 1400 and 1450 DD should provide sufficient control, but captures in pheromone traps should be used to determine the need for multiple applications. Unless trap captures suggest otherwise, insecticides are probably not necessary in orchards with mating disruption.
In Cleveland County, where DD accumulations are at about 2025, second generation adult emergence is complete. Third generation adult emergence is predicted to begin shortly, but the need for control is questionable where damage has not been observed to date.
Brown marmorated stink bug: Approximately 782 BMSB DD have accumulated in Cleveland County, which coincides with about 10% emergence of first generation adults. Hence, now is a good time to target insecticidal control of this generation in lower elevation orchards (<1300 ft elevation). The need for insecticides on early maturing cultivars such as Ginger Gold and Gala is questionable, as these cultivars often avoid BMSB damage.
In Henderson County (2050 ft elevation), only 600 DD have accumulated as of July 15. Based on weather predictions, it will be about July 28 when 740 DD have accumulated, which is when first generation adult emergence is predicted to begin.
There has been a question about the registration status of bifenthrin on apples, which is the most effective insecticide against BMSB. The Orchard Management Guide does list bifenthrin (Brigade) in the orchard calendar section (page 32), but it does not appear in the Relative Effectiveness Table or the description of insecticides. Omission of bifenthrin in these later two sections was an error, as bifenthrin is labeled on apples. However, only two products are registered on apples – Brigade (all three formulations: 2EC, eVo, and WSB) and Bifenthrin 2EC. A total of 3 applications per season are allowed.
2025 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Jun 30 | Jul 7 | Jul 14 | |
| Codling moth | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 16.0 | 12.5 | 16.5 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lesser appleworm | 0.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| Apple maggot (unsprayed research orchards) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Apple maggot (abandoned orchard) | 10.5 | 3.5 | 8.5 |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial orchards) | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed research orchards) | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.3 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood borer | 76.0 | 38.0 | 34.0 |
| Peachtree borer | 6.5 | 25.0 | 21.5 |
| Lesser peachtree borer | 10.5 | 17.0 | 15.5 |
| San Jose scale | 2.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2025 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Jun 30 | Jul 7 | Jul 14 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: April 21) | 1222 | 1391 | 1568 | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 17) | 1943 | 2147 | 2359 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: April 14) | 1621 | 1824 | 2036 | |
2025 Insect Population Trends
