WNC Orchard Insect Pest Populations – March 31, 2025
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With trees either in or approaching bloom, hopefully orchards have received an oil application at green tip for early season suppression of San Jose scale (SJS) and European red mite (ERM). Additionally, an insecticide application between tight cluster to pink is an option for additional protection against SJS, and for preventive control of rosy apple aphid. If these latter applications were not made, post bloom options remain for control these two insects.
San Jose Scale: In addition to Esteem and Centaur, which are the two most effective materials and can be applied either before or after bloom, the organophosphates Diazinon and chlorpyrifos (2025 is the last year for use) are registered for use before bloom. However, these two older materials are generally not as effective. The neonicotinoid Assail also has good activity against SJS, especially when applied after bloom.
Rosy Apple Aphid: Historically, rosy apple aphid (RAA) control has been achieved with an effective material applied either before bloom at pink, or post bloom at petal fall. However, in recent years the petal fall timing, in the absence of a prebloom spray, has not been as effective. RAA overwinters in the egg stage, and eggs begin to hatch at petal fall when they are most vulnerable to insecticides. There are several options for the pink spray, including Assail, Sivanto Prime, Versys, and Beleaf, all of which will provide good control of RAA and are among the products less harmful to pollinators.
The next Pest Update will focus on management of insects at petal fall.
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2025 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Mar 17 | Mar 24 | Mar 31 | |
| Codling moth | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 1.0 | 3.0 | 75.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Redbanded leafroller | 20.0 | 20.0 | 21.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Lesser appleworm | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Apple maggot (research orchards) | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Apple maggot (abandoned orchard) | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed research orchard) | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood borer | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Peachtree borer | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Lesser peachtree borer | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| San Jose scale | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2025 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Mar 17 | Mar 24 | Mar 31 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix not yet reached) | n/a | n/a | n/a | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 17) | Biofix | 58 | 125 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix not yet reached) | n/a | n/a | n/a | |
2025 Insect Population Trends
