WNC Orchard Insect Pest Populations – July 25, 2024
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Based on degree-day (DD) accumulations, we remain about 10 to 14 days ahead of last year in terms of insect development. The codling moth DD model predicts that 60% of second generation adults have emerged in Henderson County (about 2100 ft elevation), while adult emergence in Cleveland County (850 ft elevation) is complete. Hence, if not using pheromone traps to monitor populations, it may be wise to assume that a spray is needed.
While not much has been mentioned of oriental fruit moth (OFM) in recent weeks, third generation adults are active at this time. Populations of this pest have been quite low in recent years, due to use of mating disruption and/or increased use of pyrethroids targeting BMSB in August. As with codling moth, the best approach to detecting potentially damaging populations is monitoring with pheromone traps.
First generation brown marmorated stink bug adult emergence is about 35% complete in Cleveland County and orchards at similar elevations, where 885 DD have accumulated. While numbers have been low up to this point, populations can vary considerably from orchard to orchard. In Henderson County, where 682 DD have accumulated, initial emergence of first generation adults (745 DD) is predicted to begin on August 1.
Insecticides recommended for brown marmorated stink bug on apples:
| INSECTICIDE | PHI (days) | RELATIVE EFFICACY (1=poor, 5=excellent) | RATE/ACRE | MAX PER SEASON |
| Pyrethroids | ||||
| Baythroid (beta-cyfluthrin) | 7 | 4 | 2.4 fl oz | 2.8 fl oz |
| Brigade (bifenthrin)* | 14 | 5 | 9.6 fl oz | 28.8 fl oz |
| Danitol (fenpropathrin) | 14 | 4 | 20 fl oz | 42.6 fl oz |
| Karate/Warrior (lambda-cyhalothrin) | 21 | 4 | 2.5 fl oz | 12.8 fl oz |
| Mustang Maxx (zeta-cypermethrin) | 14 | 4 | 4 fl oz | 24 fl oz |
| Proaxis (gamma-cyhalothrin) | 21 | 4 | 5.1 fl oz | 20.8 fl oz |
| Tombstone (cyfluthrin) | 7 | 4 | 2.4 fl oz | 12.8 fl oz |
| Neonicotinoids | ||||
| Actara (thiamethoxam) | 35 | 4 | 4.5 oz | 16.5 oz |
| Belay (chlothianidin) | 7 | 4 | 6 fl oz | 12 fl oz |
| Premixes | ||||
| Besiege (chlorantraniliprole + lamda-cyhalothrin) | 21 | 4 | 10 fl oz | 31 fl oz |
| Endigo (lamda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam) | 35 | 4 | 6 fl oz | 28 fl oz |
| Leverage (imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin) | 7 | 4 | 2.8 fl oz | 2.8 fl oz |
| Voliam Flexi (chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam) | 35 | 4 | 6 fl oz | 16 fl oz |
| *Brigade is the only bifenthrin product with apple on the label. | ||||
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2024 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Jul 8 | Jul 15 | Jul 22 | |
| Codling moth | 0.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 12.0 | 14.5 | 14.0 |
| Tufted apple bud moth | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lesser appleworm | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Apple maggot (research orchards) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Apple maggot (abandoned orchard) | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 |
| Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed research orchard) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood borer | 42.0 | 38.0 | 33.0 |
| Peachtree borer | 1.0 | 10.0 | 20.0 |
| Lesser peachtree borer | 5.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 |
| San Jose scale | 66.5 | 17.5 | 5.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2024 Accumulated Degree Days
| HENDERSON COUNTY | ||||
| Jul 8 | Jul 15 | Jul 22 | ||
| Codling moth (Biofix: April 15) | 1483 | 1665 | 1834 | |
| Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 15) | 2176 | 2393 | 2597 | |
| Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: April 15) | 1882 | 2099 | 2303 | |
2024 Pest Population Trends
