WNC Orchard Insect Populations – April 30, 2019
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By now petal fall applications have been made in most locations except for the highest elevation orchards (e.g., ≥3000 feet), and attention can now move to other pests – especially the codling moth.
Codling Moth: Codling moth biofix date in Henderson County (elevation about 2100 ft) occurred on 15 April. Typically biofix occurs about a week earlier off the mountain in Cleveland and Lincoln Counties (about 900ft), and is estimated to have occurred on 8 April. Codling moth egg hatch begins at about 250 cumulative degree days (DD), which is the recommended timing of first insecticide applications in orchards with moderate to high populations. For orchards with low populations, which is the more common situation, the initial timing can be delayed to about 350 DD.
In Henderson County we are currently at about 133 DD, and 250 DD is estimated to occur next Monday (May 6) and 350 DD on May 11. Off the mountain at an elevation of about 900 ft (Cleveland/Lincoln County), we are currently at about 300 DD and 350 is predicted for later this week on Friday or Saturday (May 3 or 4).
In orchards using mating disruption and where pheromone trap captures remain low, insecticides for codling moth are not necessary at this time. In most situations with mating disruption a single insecticide application against the first generation codling moth is not recommended until about 600-700 DD have accumulated, which coincides with the optimum timing of first generation tufted apple bud moth (TABM).
Regarding insecticides recommended for codling moth, they remain Altacor (3 oz/A) and Delegate (6 oz/A). One product should be used for all first-generation applications, and the other product against the second generation in July.
San Jose Scale: For those that are concerned about San Jose scale and have not yet applied an insecticide effective against this pest, anytime within the next two weeks is ideal timing for application of either Esteem or Centaur, both of which provide excellent control when used at this time.
Another option is use of Movento, which can also provide suppression of woolly apple aphid (WAA) later in the season. The systemic activity of Movento, which is unique in that it moves in both directions in the tree (leaf to leaf, and leaf to roots), is key to preventive control of WAA. It should be noted, however, that WAA is a sporadic pest and often does not develop to pest status. If using Movento, it is important to read the label to ensure proper use. It must be used with an adjuvant with spreading and penetrating properties to maximize leaf uptake for systemic activity. However, DO NOT use Induce, due to compatibility issues.
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2019 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Apr 15 |
Apr 22 |
Apr 29 |
|
| Codling Moth | 1.5 | 4.0 | 4.5 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | 101.5 | 61.0 | 67.5 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | 3.0 | 15.0 |
| Redbanded Leafroller | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Obliquebanded Leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser Appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple Maggot (abandoned and research) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – mountains) | – | – | 1.4 |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – upper Piedmont) | – | – | 3.7 |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (research – unsprayed) | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Spotted Tentiform Leafminer | n/a | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Dogwood Borer | – | – | – |
| Peachtree Borer | – | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Lesser Peachtree Borer | – | 5.0 | 58.0 |
| San Jose Scale | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2019 Accumulated Degree Days
| Henderson County | ||||
| Biofix | Apr 15 |
Apr 22 |
Apr 30 |
|
| Codling Moth | Apr 15 | – | 45 | 133 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | Mar 16 | 282 | 348 | 466 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | Apr 20 | – | 18 | 124 |
2019 Pest Trends (click to enlarge)
PREVIOUS UPDATES
April 23, 2019
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2019 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Apr 8 | Apr 15 |
Apr 22 |
|
| Codling Moth | 0.0 | 1.5 | 4.0 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | 55.0 | 101.5 | 61.0 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | – | 3.0 |
| Redbanded Leafroller | 7.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Obliquebanded Leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser Appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple Maggot (abandoned and research) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – mountains) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – upper Piedmont) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (research – unsprayed) | – | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| Spotted Tentiform Leafminer | 3.0 | n/a | 0.0 |
| Dogwood Borer | – | – | – |
| Peachtree Borer | – | – | 0.0 |
| Lesser Peachtree Borer | – | – | 5.0 |
| San Jose Scale | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2019 Accumulated Degree Days
| Henderson County | ||||
| Biofix | Apr 7 |
Apr 15 |
Apr 23 |
|
| Codling Moth | Apr 15 | – | – | 45 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | Mar 16 | 151 | 282 | 348 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | – | – | – |
April 16, 2019
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2019 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Apr 1 | Apr 8 |
Apr 15 |
|
| Codling Moth | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | 1.0 | 55.0 | 101.5 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | – | – |
| Redbanded Leafroller | 17.0 | 7.0 | 0.0 |
| Obliquebanded Leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser Appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple Maggot (abandoned and research) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – mountains) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – upper Piedmont) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (research – unsprayed) | – | – | 0.2 |
| Spotted Tentiform Leafminer | 2.0 | 3.0 | n/a |
| Dogwood Borer | – | – | – |
| Peachtree Borer | – | – | – |
| Lesser Peachtree Borer | – | – | – |
| San Jose Scale | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2019 Accumulated Degree Days
| Henderson County | ||||
| Biofix | Apr 1 |
Apr 7 |
Apr 15 |
|
| Codling Moth | – | – | – | – |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | Mar 16 | 87 | 151 | 281.5 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | – | – | – |
April 8, 2019
Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.
2019 Average Weekly Trap Captures
| HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
| Insects per trap | |||
| Mar 25 | Apr 1 | Apr 8 |
|
| Codling Moth | set | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | 1.0 | 1.0 | 55.0 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | – | – |
| Redbanded Leafroller | 14.0 | 17.0 | 7.0 |
| Obliquebanded Leafroller | – | – | – |
| Lesser Appleworm | – | – | – |
| Apple Maggot (abandoned and research) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – mountains) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – upper Piedmont) | – | – | – |
| Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (research – unsprayed) | – | – | |
| Spotted Tentiform Leafminer | 0.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Dogwood Borer | – | – | |
| Peachtree Borer | – | – | |
| Lesser Peachtree Borer | – | – | |
| San Jose Scale | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2019 Accumulated Degree Days
| Henderson County | ||||
| Biofix | Mar 25 | Apr 1 | Apr 7 |
|
| Codling Moth | – | – | – | – |
| Oriental Fruit Moth | Mar 16 | 41 | 87 | 151 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth | – | – | – | – |